The French past subjunctive is called le subjonctif passé. It is a compound tense used to express uncertainty, emotion, doubt, necessity or possibility about an action that has already been completed. Like the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive is used in subordinate clauses introduced by que. The past subjunctive is formed using the present subjunctive…
Long before the Romans arrived, the Gauls worshipped their own gods, including Bélénos, a deity linked to light, the sun, and healing. He’s one of the few well-attested Celtic gods, and you may have seen his name pop up in Astérix comics. Who Was Bélénos? The name Bélénos likely comes from the Celtic root belo-…
The name Toutatis (also spelled Teutates) comes from the ancient Celtic world. He was one of several deities worshipped by the Gauls before the Roman conquest of Gaul. His name is believed to mean “god of the tribe” or “god of the people”, from the Celtic root teuta- meaning “tribe” or “people”. Toutatis was not…
The French verb intéresser belongs to the first group of regular verbs ending in -er. It means to interest or to be interested in. Although it resembles the English verb “to interest” in meaning, its grammatical structure differs significantly. 1. To interest someone: To attract someone’s attention or curiosity In this sense, intéresser means to…
In French, “second-hand” is expressed through several phrases. The most common are d’occasion and à deuxième main or de deuxième main. While these expressions can often be translated as “second-hand” or “used” in English, they are not interchangeable in French and differ in tone, register, and frequency of use. D’occasion: Used, Pre-Owned The phrase d’occasion…
The French verb rappeler is a versatile verb with several meanings, depending on whether it is used in its regular (non-reflexive) form or its reflexive form se rappeler. While both forms relate to memory and reminding, they are used in different grammatical structures and carry different meanings. The Non-Reflexive Verb “Rappeler” In its non-reflexive form,…
Weather is a common topic in daily conversation, and French offers a wide range of vocabulary and expressions to talk about it. Some use the phrase il fait, while others use verbs such as pleuvoir (to rain), neiger (to snow), or geler (to freeze). Many weather expressions are impersonal, using il as the subject. Basic…
The French word tous can be pronounced in two different ways, depending on how it is used in a sentence. Sometimes the final s is silent, and other times it is pronounced as a soft s sound, like the English word soos with a voiceless ending. This difference is not random. It depends on whether…
The English word “whatever” can be an adjective, a pronoun, or even an interjection. Due to its various meanings, there is no single equivalent of “whatever” in French. Instead, different expressions must be used depending on context. 1. To Mean “Anything That” / “No Matter What” In this usage, “whatever” introduces an indefinite or open…
The French word bref is versatile, functioning as an adjective, adverb, and discourse marker. Its primary meaning relates to brevity, but it also serves as a conversational filler to summarize or transition between thoughts. Meanings and Usage Adjective – “Short” or “Brief” Adverb – “Briefly” or “In short” Discourse Marker – “Anyway,” “In short,” or…