jusqu’à

Jusqu’à is a common French preposition meaning “until,” “up to,” or “as far as,” depending on context. It expresses a limit in time, space, quantity, or extent. Its form changes slightly when combined with certain words, producing variants such as jusqu’au, jusqu’aux, jusqu’en, and jusqu’à ce que.


1. Temporal use: “until”

When referring to time, jusqu’à means “until” or “up to (a certain time).” It introduces a specific moment or period.

  • J’ai travaillé jusqu’à minuit. – I worked until midnight.
  • Il dort jusqu’à midi. – He sleeps until noon.
  • Attends jusqu’à demain. – Wait until tomorrow.
  • Jusqu’à présent, tout va bien. – Until now, everything is fine.

Variants

  • Jusqu’au matin – until morning
  • Jusqu’à la fin du mois – until the end of the month
  • Jusqu’en juin – until June
  • Jusqu’à ce jour – until this day

2. Spatial use: “as far as” or “up to”

In spatial contexts, jusqu’à indicates a limit of movement or distance.

  • Va jusqu’à la porte. – Go up to the door.
  • Nous sommes allés jusqu’à la rivière. – We went as far as the river.
  • Ils ont marché jusqu’au sommet. – They walked up to the summit.
  • Le train va jusqu’à Marseille. – The train goes as far as Marseille.

Variants

  • Jusqu’au bout de la rue – to the end of the street
  • Jusqu’aux montagnes – up to the mountains
  • Jusqu’en Espagne – as far as Spain

3. Quantitative and abstract uses

Jusqu’à can mark the extent or limit of an action, idea, or emotion.

  • Il est allé jusqu’à mentir. – He went so far as to lie.
  • Elle est prête jusqu’au sacrifice. – She is ready to go as far as sacrificing herself.
  • Je t’aime jusqu’à la folie. – I love you madly (literally “up to madness”).
  • Il a attendu jusqu’à l’impossible. – He waited beyond reason.

4. The expression jusqu’à ce que

When followed by a clause, jusqu’à ce que means “until” and always takes the subjunctive.

  • Attends jusqu’à ce qu’il revienne. – Wait until he comes back.
  • Je resterai ici jusqu’à ce que tu partes. – I will stay here until you leave.
  • Ils ont parlé jusqu’à ce qu’il fasse nuit. – They talked until it got dark.

5. Variants with contractions

Jusqu’à combines with the definite article when followed by masculine or plural nouns:

  • jusqu’au = jusqu’à + le (until/to the)
    • Jusqu’au matin, jusqu’au pont, jusqu’au bout
  • jusqu’aux = jusqu’à + les (until/to the plural)
    • Jusqu’aux vacances, jusqu’aux collines
  • jusqu’à la – used with feminine nouns
    • Jusqu’à la gare, jusqu’à la mer
  • jusqu’en – used before countries, months, or years without an article
    • Jusqu’en France, jusqu’en 2020, jusqu’en septembre

6. Idiomatic expressions

  • Jusqu’à présent – until now
  • Jusqu’à nouvel ordre – until further notice
  • Jusqu’à plus soif – to one’s heart’s content (literally “until more thirst”)
  • Jusqu’à la mort – until death
  • Jusqu’à ce niveau – up to this level
  • Aller jusqu’au bout – to go all the way, to see something through
  • Être patient jusqu’à l’extrême – to be patient to the extreme

Summary

  • Jusqu’à expresses a limit in time, space, quantity, or extent.
  • Temporal: jusqu’à minuit (until midnight).
  • Spatial: jusqu’à la porte (as far as the door).
  • Abstract: jusqu’à mentir (to the point of lying).
  • Jusqu’à ce que introduces a clause with the subjunctive.
  • Common variants: jusqu’au, jusqu’aux, jusqu’à la, jusqu’en.

Don’t miss new articles!

Get 1 email a week with new articles about French

We don’t spam! Read more in our privacy policy

Similar Posts

  • Accents on letters

    Accented letters in French are essential for correct pronunciation and often carry historical significance. The five main diacritical marks in French are the acute accent (é), grave accent (è), circumflex (ê), tréma (ë), and cedilla (ç). Each affects pronunciation, and some even reveal fascinating linguistic evolution—particularly the acute and circumflex accents, which often replace a…

  • lequel

    The relative pronoun lequel and its variants (laquelle, lesquels, lesquelles, auquel, duquel, etc.) are used to refer to a previously mentioned noun while avoiding ambiguity. They are more precise than qui or que and are often employed in formal writing or when clarity is essential. Forms of lequel The pronoun lequel agrees in gender and…

  • ne explétif

    Despite its name, the “ne explétif” has nothing to do with the English word “expletive,” which refers to a swear word or exclamation. Instead, “explétif” in French comes from the Latin expletivus, meaning “to fill.” The “ne explétif” is essentially a stylistic or grammatical marker that has no direct effect on the meaning of a…

  • besoin

    The French word “besoin” is a noun that translates to “need” in English. It is commonly used to express necessity or desire for something. Basic Meaning of “Besoin” The word “besoin” is mostly used to indicate that someone needs something or has a requirement. The typical structure for expressing need in French is: “Avoir besoin…

  • contact vs aspect

    Some French words, like contact, have a clearly pronounced -ct, while others, like aspect, have a silent -ct. This difference is due to phonetic evolution, word stress, and borrowing history. 1. The Role of Stress and Borrowing History 2. When is -CT Pronounced in French? The -ct is pronounced when: 3. When is -CT Silent?…

  • text messages

    Texting in French involves specific terminology, as well as abbreviations to save time and space. Many of these are derived from shortened words or phonetic spellings. General terms (not abbreviations) Here’s a concise list of French terms related to texting/SMS with English translations: Basic Terms Actions Tech & Notifications Informal/Abbreviated Terms General greetings and expressions…