reflexive verbs imperative

The imperative mood in French is used to give commands, make requests, or offer advice. When using reflexive verbs (verbes pronominaux) in the imperative, the word order and placement of reflexive pronouns change depending on whether the command is affirmative or negative.

1. Affirmative Imperative with Reflexive Verbs

In affirmative commands, the reflexive pronoun follows the verb and is connected with a hyphen. The pronoun must agree with the subject (which is implied in the imperative).

Conjugation Rules:

  • Tu form: The reflexive pronoun is toi (replacing te).
  • Nous form: The reflexive pronoun remains nous.
  • Vous form: The reflexive pronoun remains vous.

Examples:

InfinitiveAffirmative ImperativeTranslation
se laver (to wash oneself)Lave-toi !Wash yourself!
se lever (to get up)Levons-nous !Let’s get up!
se dépêcher (to hurry)Dépêchez-vous !Hurry up!
se reposer (to rest)Repose-toi !Rest!
se calmer (to calm down)Calmons-nous !Let’s calm down!

More Examples in Context:

  • “Prépare-toi pour l’école !” (Get ready for school!)
  • “Amusons-nous à la fête !” (Let’s have fun at the party!)
  • “Habillez-vous rapidement !” (Get dressed quickly!)

2. Negative Imperative with Reflexive Verbs

In negative commands, the reflexive pronoun returns to its normal position before the verb, just like in other conjugated tenses.

Structure:

Ne + reflexive pronoun + verb + pas

Examples:

InfinitiveNegative ImperativeTranslation
se coucher (to go to bed)Ne te couche pas tard !Don’t go to bed late!
se fâcher (to get angry)Ne nous fâchons pas !Let’s not get angry!
se plaindre (to complain)Ne vous plaignez pas !Don’t complain!
se blesser (to hurt oneself)Ne te blesse pas !Don’t hurt yourself!
se tromper (to make a mistake)Ne nous trompons pas !Let’s not make a mistake!

More Examples in Context:

  • “Ne te lève pas trop tôt !” (Don’t get up too early!)
  • “Ne vous inquiétez pas !” (Don’t worry!)
  • “Ne nous énervons pas !” (Let’s not get upset!)

Important Notes:

1. “Toi” in Affirmative “Tu” Commands:

  • The pronoun te changes to toi in affirmative commands (e.g., Lave-toi).
  • Exception: When followed by y or en, it remains te (e.g., Va t’en ! – Go away!).

2. Reflexive Verbs with Body Parts or Clothing:

  • Some reflexive verbs involve body parts or clothing, requiring agreement:
    • “Lève-toi !” (Get up!)
    • “Brosse-toi les dents !” (Brush your teeth!)

3. Irregular Reflexive Verbs:

  • Some verbs like s’asseoir (to sit) have irregular imperatives:
    • “Assieds-toi !” (Sit down!) (instead of asseois-toi)

Summary

Mastering reflexive verbs in the imperative requires attention to pronoun placement:

  • Affirmative: Pronoun after the verb (e.g., Lave-toi).
  • Negative: Pronoun before the verb (e.g., Ne te lave pas).

With practice, these structures will become natural, allowing you to give commands smoothly in French.

Practice Exercise:
Try converting these reflexive verbs into affirmative and negative commands:

  1. se réveiller (to wake up)
  2. se brosser les cheveux (to brush one’s hair)
  3. se souvenir de (to remember)

Answers:

  1. Affirmative: Réveille-toi ! Negative: Ne te réveille pas !
  2. Affirmative: Brosse-toi les cheveux ! Negative: Ne te brosse pas les cheveux !
  3. Affirmative: Souviens-toi ! Negative: Ne te souviens pas !

Don’t miss new articles!

Get 1 email a week with new articles about French

We don’t spam! Read more in our privacy policy

Similar Posts

  • Comparative adjectives (2.0)

    Understanding Comparative Adjectives in French When learning French, understanding how to compare people, places, or things is essential. Comparative adjectives allow you to express differences in qualities or characteristics. This article breaks down the basics of forming and using comparative adjectives in French, making it accessible for beginners. What are Comparative Adjectives? Comparative adjectives are…

  • part vs partie

    The French nouns “la part” and “la partie” both relate to the idea of a portion or a part of something, but they are used in different contexts and have distinct meanings. 1. La Part 2. La Partie Key Differences Aspect La Part La Partie Meaning A share, portion, or slice. A section, component, or…

  • à temps vs à l’heure

    English speakers learning French often confuse à l’heure and à temps. Both relate to time, but they serve distinct purposes. This article explains their meanings, gives many examples, and lists synonyms. Core meanings À l’heure literally translates as “at the hour.” Figuratively, it means “on time” or “punctual.” It refers to a fixed point on…

  • pousser un cri

    Pousser un cri is a common French phrase. It means to let out a cry, or to utter a cry. The cry may be loud or soft. It may show fear, pain, shock, joy, anger, or surprise. The verb pousser normally means to push. In this phrase, it means to produce or utter a sound….

  • sortir vs s’en sortir

    The French verb sortir means “to go out” or “to come out” in a physical sense. The pronominal verb s’en sortir means “to manage,” “to cope,” or “to get through” a difficult situation. The difference is not just grammatical; it is a difference in meaning. Sortir is about movement from inside to outside. S’en sortir…