arrêter vs s’arrêter

arrêter and s’arrêter both relate to stopping, but they are used in different ways. The key point is simple:

  • arrêter usually takes a direct object. Someone stops something.
  • s’arrêter has no direct object. The subject stops itself.

1) arrêter meaning “to stop something”

arrêter is used when a person causes something else to stop.

  • Il a arrêté la voiture. “He stopped the car.”
  • Il arrête le film. “He stops the film.”
  • J’ai arrêté le travail. “I stopped the work.”
  • Ils arrêtent la musique. “They stop the music.”

This includes stopping an activity:

  • J’ai arrêté de fumer. “I stopped smoking.”
  • Il a arrêté de boire du café. “He stopped drinking coffee.”
  • Elle arrête de parler. “She stops talking.”

You can think of it as acting on something.


2) arrêter meaning “to arrest”

arrêter also means to arrest someone. This is a common and important use.

  • La police a arrêté le suspect. “The police arrested the suspect.”
  • Ils ont arrêté un voleur. “They arrested a thief.”

3) s’arrêter meaning “to stop oneself”

s’arrêter is used when the subject stops. There is no direct object.

  • La voiture s’arrête. “The car stops.”
  • Il s’arrête devant la porte. “He stops in front of the door.”
  • Nous nous arrêtons ici. “We stop here.”
  • Elle s’est arrêtée brusquement. “She stopped suddenly.”

This often refers to movement.


4) s’arrêter with “de” meaning “to stop doing something”

s’arrêter de is also used before verbs.

  • Il s’arrête de courir. “He stops running.”
  • Elle s’est arrêtée de parler. “She stopped talking.”

In many cases, arrêter de is more common than s’arrêter de, but both exist.

Compare:

  • Il a arrêté de courir. “He stopped running.”
  • Il s’est arrêté de courir. “He stopped running.”

The first is more usual in modern French.


5) key contrast in meaning

The difference is often about control and focus.

With arrêter:

  • someone stops something else
  • the focus is on the action and its object

With s’arrêter:

  • the subject stops itself
  • the focus is on the subject

Compare:

  • Il a arrêté la voiture. “He stopped the car.”
  • La voiture s’est arrêtée. “The car stopped.”
  • Elle a arrêté le bruit. “She stopped the noise.”
  • Le bruit s’est arrêté. “The noise stopped.”

6) use with places

s’arrêter often appears with place words.

  • On s’arrête au café. “We stop at the café.”
  • Ils se sont arrêtés à Paris. “They stopped in Paris.”
  • Arrête-toi ici. “Stop here.”

7) imperative forms

Both forms are common in commands.

  • Arrête ça. “Stop that.”
  • Arrête de parler. “Stop talking.”
  • Arrêtez la voiture. “Stop the car.”
  • Arrête-toi. “Stop.”
  • Arrêtez-vous. “Stop.”

synonyms and alternatives

For arrêter meaning “to stop something”:

  • stopper
  • cesser
  • interrompre

Examples:

  • Il a stoppé la machine. “He stopped the machine.”
  • Elle cesse de parler. “She stops talking.”
  • Ils interrompent le travail. “They stop the work.”

For s’arrêter meaning “to stop”:

  • se stopper
  • cesser
  • prendre fin

Examples:

  • La pluie cesse. “The rain stops.”
  • Le bruit prend fin. “The noise stops.”

For stopping an activity:

  • arrêter de
  • cesser de
  • Il cesse de fumer. “He stops smoking.”

For “to arrest”:

  • no close everyday synonym in common speech, though formal language may use interpeller

summary

  • arrêter takes an object and means to stop something or arrest someone
  • s’arrêter has no object and means to stop oneself
  • arrêter de is the most common way to say “stop doing something”
  • s’arrêter is often used for movement and places
  • both forms are widely used and often contrast in pairs

Don’t miss new articles!

Get 1 email a week with new articles about French

We don’t spam! Read more in our privacy policy

Similar Posts

  • métier

    The French words un métier and une métier have identical spellings, but one is masculine and the other is feminine. Each word has a different meaning. Un métier: A Profession or Trade The masculine noun un métier refers to a job, profession, or trade. Usage Examples: This word is derived from the Old French “mestier,”…

  • y

    The French pronoun y is an invariable object pronoun. It most often replaces a complement introduced by à or a place previously mentioned or understood. It usually answers the question “to what?” or “where?”. It appears before the verb, except in affirmative imperatives. Core meanings and functions Replacing a place complement y replaces a complement…

  • arroser

    The French verb “arroser” means “to sprinkle,” “to water,” “to spray” or “to douse.” A reflexive version, “s’arroser,” also exists, usually referring to the consumption of alcohol. arroser examples s’arroser examples Etymology The verb “arroser” is derived from the Latin words “ad,” meaning “to,” and “ros,” meaning “dew” or “moisture.”

  • sauf

    The french word sauf functions primarily as a preposition or an adjective. Its core meaning is “except” or “save for,” indicating an exclusion. It can also mean “safe” or “unharmed” when used as an adjective. Sauf as a preposition meaning “except” or “but” This is the most common use. Sauf introduces an exception to a…

  • none of your business

    The English expressions “none of your business” and “none of my business” can be translated into French in several ways depending on the level of formality and the tone. French offers both direct, informal equivalents and more polite or neutral alternatives. None of your business The most common informal way to say “none of your…

  • Alphabet in French

    The French alphabet is the same as the English alphabet, but most letters are pronounced quite differently. You need to know the French alphabet for several reasons: Letter Pronunciation Like A AH Saying “AAH” for a doctor examining your throat B BAY C SAY D DAY E ER The “u” in “fur” F EFF Same…